Cystitis in medical practice is referred to as an inflammatory process that develops in the bladder.It is common that cystitis is only a female disease.But that's not true.Representatives of the stronger sex are also subject to the disease.About how the symptoms of a flowering period manifest themselves in men and how to treat them correctly and discuss them in this article.
Anatomical information
The bladder is one of the main organs of the urea system that collects and is supposed to withdraw the urine.In the last process, an important role is played by the walls of the organ, which have a muscle base, and thanks to this you can expand gratefully.However, the mucous membrane of the bladder is often injured or exposed to infectious means.This leads to various diseases.The lower part of the bladder is called neck.The urethra (urethra) comes out of the throat.Two ureters flow into the upper part - channels through which the urine comes out of the kidneys.
Signs of bladder infection in men
Acute cystitis initially causes acute pain during urination, sometimes in the rectum.A lot of pain manifests itself at the beginning and at the end of urination.In addition, the symptoms of cystitis comprise pain in the lower abdomen, on the Schubis, regardless of urination, but with this process it intensifies.The radiant amount of urine can be extremely small (10-15 ml), but the number of urination for urination can reach several times in an hour.According to the urine network, there is a feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.In cystitis, too, there are often signs such as urinary incontinence, imperative urination.A deterioration in the disease is often accompanied by a temperature increase, signs of poisoning of the body (malaise, headache).
Other symptoms of cystitis:
- Change of urine color,
- Blood, mucus, pus or protein in the urine,
- The unpleasant smell of urine.
Refluxurin often occurs in the disease.This is the name of the process in which the urine comes into the urine, and then to the kidneys, which leads to illness with pyelonephritis.In the absence of treatment, acute cystitis is converted into chronic form.Chronic cystitis is again replaced (about 2-3 times a year) that replace remission periods.During the remission, the symptoms of the disease practically do not occur.Interstitial cystitis is a severe form of chronic aperture.With this diversity of the disease, a deterioration occurs extremely often, and the patient has constant pain in the groin area.
Diagnosis
In the presence of signs with a high level of probability, which indicates a sheet punchitis, you should contact a urologist.During the first examination, the doctor usually examines the patient's genitals and examines the prostate with palpation in anus.In this way, you can establish or rule out the connection between cystitis in men with other diseases of the male genital organs.The diagnosis is mainly through the general analysis of the urine.Cystitis can be determined due to the high content of leukocytes.Sometimes a defining feature can be the presence of red blood cells, bacteria, epithelial cells and protozoa.Also done:
- General and biochemical blood test,
- Urine analysis by Nechiporenko,
- Sow urine to identify an infectious agent.
A study on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is carried out if there is sexually transmitted infection of suspicion.The bladder Uzi is ineffective because it requires filled bladder, and the patient cannot be filled with a certain disease.Nevertheless, ultrasound of the kidneys and prostate can be useful because they help to identify simultaneous diseases.Processes such as cystoscopy, urodynamic study, uroflovography (examination of urine parameters at high speed through urethra), MRI are carried out.Cistoscopy is a kind of endoscopic examination.It helps to identify stones and neoplasia in the bladder and to use a biopath for the analysis.Cystitis must be distinguished from diseases such as the tumors of the bladder and the prostate.
Cystitis: What kind of men is it
Cystitis is an inflammatory disease that consists of irritation and damage to the walls of the bladder.Cystitis is in reality that women are more likely to suffer.About 2-3 out of 10 representatives of the fair sex suffer from this disease at least once in life.In male representatives, only 1% have cystitis in any form.In most cases, these are men over 45 years old.The difference in the frequency of diseases between the sexes is explained by physiological differences in the structure of their genitals.At first, men have a very long and winding urethra.But the walls of the urethra are an extremely difficult obstacle to pathogenic microorganisms because immune cells are active in them.In addition, the hole of the urethra is far from the anus in the male body, so it is practically excluded to enter the channel of the pathogenic microflora from the anus.
However, the infection can not only get into the bladder from the outside through the urethra.In some cases, cystitis in men is a result of kidney or prostate diseases.In general, cystitis does not always have an infectious nature.However, when we talk about infectious bladder infections, it is usually a bacterial flower cystitis, less often - fungus.The bladder infection is caused even less often by multi -cell parasites.In most cases, infectious cystitis occurs as a result of the effect of E. coli (80%).The diseases of the disease can also be:
- Pseudomonal stick,
- Staphylococcus,
- Proteus,
- Gonococcus,
- Chlamydia,
- Trichomonades,
- Mycoplasma.
Cystitis can be a complication of tuberculosis
Infectious cystitis, which is caused by trichomonas, chlamydia, mycoplasms, gonococci, cooking sticks, is described as specific.And non -specific combination is an disease caused by physically pathogenic bacteria that constantly reinforce in the body.The rare types of cystitis are those caused by purple, actinomycosis and schistosomosis.The path that pathogenic microorganisms fall into the bladder can vary.Depending on IT, the bladder inflammation in descending, rising, lymphogenic and hematogenic is.The upward option of the infection (from the urethra) in male patients is quite rare.Cystitis in men is most common down (with kidney infection) as well as hematogenic and lymphogen.There is also a cystitis of non -infectious nature.They can be caused:
- Operations or diagnostic procedures on the bladder;
- Radiation effect on the body, for example, with radiation therapy of the prostate;
- Injuries to the bladder by foreign bodies, for example stones;
- Chemicals that are excreted in the urine and cause the mucous membrane of the bladder to cause irritation.
Cysties are also divided into primary and secondary ones.In the first case, the disease begins by itself, directly in the bladder.In the second cystitis, some other pathological processes in the body are caused.Secondary cystitis is in turn divided into cystitis by intruffical and extraordinary origin.For example, there are stones in the bladder and neoplasms of this organ intracular causes, and diseases of other organs (prostate -adenoma, pyelonephritis) are out of school.If the surface of the inflammation is the harndian triangle, such cystitis is referred to as a trigonite.Depending on the position of the inflammation, cervix and diffuse bladder inflammation are also secreted.In cervical cystitis, only inflammation on the neck of the bladder is observed.The diffuse form of the disease manifests itself in inflammation of the entire wall wall.Depending on how much the wall of the bladder is hit, the following forms of cystitis are differentiated:
- Katarrhal,
- hemorrhagic,
- Cystic,
- Ulcerative,
- Phlegmonus,
- gangrenous.
The lightest shape that only affects the surface layers of the walls is Katarrhal.In the event of a gangren form, the pathological process leads to the necrotic of the walls.In order to determine the degree of illness, cystoscopy with subsequent biopsy is used.Factors that contribute to the occurrence of cystitis in men:
- Settlement of the body;
- Reduction of immunity;
- Stress;
- Conscious delayed urine, rare emptying of the bladder;
- Kidney diseases, prostate;
- Non -compliance with personal hygiene rules;
- Diseases accompanied by the occurrence of infection varieties (tonsillitis, sinusitis, furunculosis, dental diseases, etc.);
- Spinal injuries;
- Diabetes mellitus;
- Alcohol abuse.
Complications of bladder inflammation can be paicyist (inflammation of the tissue surrounding the bladder), pyelonephritis, sclerosis of the walls of the bladder, perforation of the walls of the bladder, inflammation of the kidneys (as a result of a bladderflux -reflux).
Treatment of cystitis
The treatment is usually carried out at home.A direction to a hospital in acute blood shearing instis is possible if a hemorrhagic or gangrenous form of the disease develops or acute urination is observed.Cystitis treatment methods are mainly medication.For example, although other techniques can be used, you can use physiotherapy (UHF, electrophoresis, ultrasound, magnetic and laser therapy, dirt), flushing of the bladder with antimicrobial effects.If the disease is accompanied by high temperature, the patient needs bed rest.It is shown to adhere to the heat to the area of the groin (with the exception of hemorrhagic and tuberculosis cystitis).
An important treatment element is a diet.The patient is contraindicated in salty, fat, fried, acute and acidic food, alcohol.On the other hand, it is necessary to consume more diuretics.Many vegetables and fruit have such properties: watermelon, melon, cherries, cucumbers.Apple, cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks are also recommended - they increase the anti -adhesive properties of the mucous membrane of the bladder, i.e. it difficult to attach bacteria to the walls of the bladder.Phytocha and Lingonberries undoubtedly have advantages.It is important not to forget an abundant drink - the patient should drink at least 2 liters of pure water a day.During the tightening of cystitis, it is recommended to give up smoking.Surgical treatment is used in gangrene cystitis, chronic cystitis caused by prostate adenoma.
Medicine for the treatment of male bladder infection
Medicine therapy can be etioiotrop or symptomatic.The ETIOTROPE therapy aims to counteract pathogenic organisms - obligation to illness.The aim of symptomatic treatment is to relieve unpleasant symptoms - pain and cramp.If the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection, a course of taking antibiotics is required.Most frequently used medication in the fluorchinolone group. The duration of the approval is usually a week.Before choosing an antibiotic therapy cheman, it is necessary to carry out a study on the type of pathogen and its resistance to antibiotics.Preparations with plant -resistant and antibacterial components, grass grass, a decoction of Hufettails and St. John's wort are often used.Another class of medication used for the disease is anti -spas modic that help to alleviate cramps and be caused by pain.NSAIDS are also used to reduce the symptoms of pain and inflammation.Novocaine blocks are used for severe pain.It is also recommended to take vitamins - to increase the resistance of the infection body.
prevention
The fact that men suffer relatively rarely from cystitis does not mean that representatives of the strong half of humanity are not only very uncomfortable and the quality of life, but also potentially fatally without proper therapy (from gazi channels cystitis, e.g. Peter I).Preventive measures are simple, however - you should avoid personal hygiene, the immunity level, the hypothermic, go to the toilet regularly, avoid stagnation in the urine, heal infectious diseases that are in time that can regularly visit the urologist and andrologists in infection focus, sinusitis, zulpiten and toneminics.